Clean Operating Laboratory
Release time:2019-09-27 source:
Clean laboratories are divided into general clean laboratories and biosafety laboratories. The experiments carried out in general clean laboratories are not infectious, but the environment is required to have no adverse effects on the experiment itself. Therefore, there are no protective facilities in the laboratory, and the cleanliness must meet the experimental requirements.
The biosafety laboratory is equipped with first-class protective facilities, which can realize the biological experimental determination of second-class protection. Biosafety laboratories are required for all scientific experiments in the fields of microbiology, biomedicine, functional experiments and gene recombination. The core of biosafety laboratory is safety, which is classified as P1, P2, P3 and P4 according to the degree of biological risk.
The P1 laboratory is suitable for very familiar disease sources, which do not often cause diseases in healthy adults, and are less dangerous to experimenters and environmental magic weapons. The laboratory doors should be closed and operated according to ordinary microbiological experiments. P2 laboratory is suitable for the pathogens with moderate potential danger to human and environment. Restricted access to the experimental area, aerosol experiments should be carried out in class II biosafety cabinet and equipped with high-pressure sterilizer; P3 laboratory is used in clinical, diagnostic, teaching, or production facilities, and works on endogenous and exogenous pathogens are carried out at this level. Inhalation of the pathogen will cause exposure. Severe potentially fatal diseases. The laboratory is equipped with double doors or air lock chambers and external isolation experimental areas. Non-local staff are forbidden to enter the laboratory. The laboratory is under full negative pressure. The laboratory is experimented with a Class II biosafety cabinet to filter the indoor air and discharge it outdoors with a high efficiency filter.
P4 laboratory is more stringent than P3 laboratory. There are some dangerous exogenous pathogens with high individual risk of laboratory infection and life-threatening diseases caused by aerosol transmission. The related work should be carried out in P4 laboratory. It adopts the structure of separate isolation area and external isolation in buildings, keeps negative pressure indoors, carries out experiments with Class III biosafety cabinet, sets up air isolation device, shower room, operation staff should wear protective clothing, and non-local staff are prohibited to enter. Dynamic isolation is the core of biosafety laboratory design, and ventilation measures are the key points, emphasizing on-site disinfection, paying attention to dirty diversion and preventing accidental diffusion, which requires moderate cleanliness.